The renowned phrase "The useless massacre" serves as a synonym for conflict, as articulated by Pope Benedict XV in his 1917 "Note to the heads of the warring peoples."

The pontiff's objective was to condemn the ongoing conflict and encourage leaders towards a diplomatic resolution: "...we wish to now present more tangible proposals... In addressing you, who bear the responsibility for the warring nations during this tragic period, we are driven by a sincere and hopeful desire to witness the acceptance of these proposals, leading swiftly to the cessation of this dreadful struggle, increasingly seen as an unnecessary bloodbath".

By reducing warfare to a mere senseless bloodshed, the rationale behind justifying war was undermined.

Upon publication by "The Times," the Note intended for government offices transitioned from a confidential diplomatic communication to a public media spectacle, eliciting varied responses, predominantly critical. Contemporary newspapers described it as an "idealistic note" or criticized its "vague and ambiguous language". Notably, most publications refrained from addressing the term "useless massacre," with exceptions such as the Corriere della Sera labeling it a "painful expression" and Il Popolo d'Italia denouncing it as a "manifestation of simplistic and criminal anti-war propaganda".

Among military leaders, reactions were unfavorable. General Cadorna suppressed the circulation of the Note, viewing it as a betrayal to the army's efforts.

Efforts to control newspaper distribution among troops in the rear were unsuccessful due to swift messengers; newspapers were in high demand, evoking mixed responses within the military ranks.

Interpreting the message to align with their objectives, military commands spread optimism about an imminent peace and encouraged a "final push".

During the Caporetto defeat inquiry, Cadorna stated that the Pope's moral authority had a greater impact than expected. The commission disagreed, saying "useless massacre" was a message to governments, not soldiers. The Pope was cleared of blame, pleasing Catholics and worrying Vatican critics.