Incursion into the Dardanelles

When an Italian failure surprised the world

Illustrazione che raffigura i nostri marinai nell'atto di ritorno dall'impresa dei Dardanelli

During the Italo-Turkish War, on the night of July 18, 1912, a squadron of 5 Italian torpedo boats - namely Climene, Perseo, Astore, Spica, and Centauro - commanded by Captain Enrico Millo, silently penetrated one of the most heavily guarded sea spaces in the world: the Dardanelles strait. The goal was to reach the bay of Chanak and sink the Turkish fleet. After a careful study of the Turkish fortifications, Millo led his forces through the strait at night; when they arrived near Cape Helles in the early morning of July 19, the squadron was spotted by enemy searchlights and the garrisons of the forts quickly loaded their cannons to sink the hostile naval units. Nevertheless, they decided to continue, and within an hour, the Italians were in front of the enemy port. The element of surprise had faded, so the commander decided to turn back, and with the entire Turkish coastal force bombarding them, our sailors made their way through the channel to safety. The outcome was zero enemy losses, significant damage to the Italian units, and the surprise effect lost - making it impossible to repeat a similar operation. However, none of our vessels had sunk, and the recently reorganized fleet had managed to covertly penetrate what was considered an inviolable sea space; not to mention that the Turkish naval squadron did not have the strength to come out and threaten the enemy navy. Even if they had lost the entire squadron, their strength would not have been diminished in any way. It can be said that even before the start of the game, Italy had already won, whatever the final outcome would be. The international impact was enormous - our sailors, who triumphantly returned on July 21, received great admiration from abroad; Italy had surprised the world and its naval forces earned a place among the fleets of great powers.



Author:

Borsoi Lorenzo -Studente Ca' Foscari 

Publication date:
2025-04-23
Translator:
Salvatore Ciccarello